Comparison of Patons Cry, The Beloved Country and...

In Cry, the beloved country, Alan Paton tells the story of his journey across Africa, his experiences with the colonized Africa, and the destruction of the beautiful, pre-colonialism native land of Africa. Heart of Darkness also tells the story of a man and his experiences with colonialism, but a man who comes from a different time period and a very different background than Alan Paton’s Stephen Kumalo. Although, both Joseph Conrad and Alan Paton portray the colonized areas as very negative, death filled, and sinful places, it is when one analyzes the descriptions of the native lands of Africa that the authors reasons for their disapproval of colonialism are truly revealed. When comparing the writing styles of Alan Paton and Joseph Conrad,†¦show more content†¦Conrad revealed his ideas through his character, Marlow, when we read his experiences traveling down the Congo when he sees the natives and their land that has been untouched by colonialism. Conrad’s lack of concern for the natives may have been a result of his experiences with them during his journey in Africa. Assuming Heart of Darkness’ character Marlow is a representation of Conrad himself, he did saw the native people in both conditions. He experienced them in the Belgium Congo, beaten and broken from the harshness of the colonists and he saw them in their natural state before the effects of colonialism had reached them. One may argue that his lack of concern for the natives was because he had seen them in their homeland and before their home had been changed, and maybe he chose to believe that there was hope left in Africa for its tribal tradition. This statement is simply not true; Marlow fully experienced the devastation left by colonialism in Africa, yet his animosity towards colonialism was still due to the concern for his own people, the white colonists. Another major contributor to the different attitudes of Paton and Conrad is the places they grew up. Joseph Conrad was born in Poland, a predominantly white area, whereas Paton was born in South Africa. As opposed to the selfish, fearful concern that Conrad felt for his own people, Paton had true concern for the native tribes of Africa. Alan

Empowerment of Women Essay examples - 691 Words

Most men view themselves as being the superior life-form in society. They justify this belief by saying that they are stronger and more capable; thus, making them more qualified for the important roles in society. They place themselves on pedestals and force women to believe in their own inferiority to men and their incapability to excel educationally, politically, economically, and domestically. But the truth is that women will eventually advance in all these areas and come to realize that they do not need men to survive. John Steinbeck, in his short story The Chrysanthemums depicts the trials of a woman attempting to gain power in a mans world. Elisa Allen tries to define the boundaries of her role as a woman in such a†¦show more content†¦From the time of the womens movement, women have proven to society that they are just as capable and qualify for the same roles that men perform. Since they have been given more educational opportunities, they have also proven that they are just as competent by accomplishing the same educational level as men. They also proved that they are capable of performing the same kinds of work that men have traditionally done. They have forced society to modify job titles (formally known to be only men jobs) to acknowledge the women who have gone into these fields: from fireman to firefighter; mailman to mail deliverer; policeman to police officer; and etc. Due to these new opportunities that have been made possible to women, more and more of them are joining the workforce each year. According to America Today, about 55% of the people who enter the workforce each year are female. At this rate, women will eventually dominate the work force; thus, dominating the economic system. Gaining this financial independent will allow women to surpass in other areas of society, which is also give them more political influence. The government positions currently being held by women in the White House and state capitals all over the U nited States prove that this is true. It is also comprehensible that women will eventually be able to take on the role of presidency as they have other government positions. It is onlyShow MoreRelatedWomen Empowerment1112 Words   |  5 PagesBenefits Of Empowering Women Abstract This essay will examine the advantages and disadvantages of empowering women so that they can hold other positions apart from their traditional ones. Firstly, it will consider the disadvantages of women empowerment mainly in terms with economical and social stand in the general society. And all of which has proven it’s drawbacks when the pressure of women empowerment transpires. Consequently, it will discuss the benefits of women empowerment and present the viewRead MoreWomen Empowerment1546 Words   |  7 PagesWomen Empowerment - A reality or Myth The Government of India had ushered in the new millennium by declaring the year 2001 as Womens Empowerment Year to focus on a vision where women are equal partners like men. The most common explanation of womens empowerment is the ability to exercise full control over ones actions. The last decades have witnessed some basic changes in the status and role of women in our society. There has been shift in policy approaches from the concept of welfareRead MoreWomen Empowerment12463 Words   |  50 PagesNATIONAL POLICY FOR THE EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN (2001) | | |Introduction | |The principle of gender equality is enshrined in the Indian Constitution in its Preamble, Fundamental | |Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles. The Constitution not only grants equality to | |women, but also empowers the State to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favour of women. | |Within the framework ofRead MoreWomen s Empowerment Of Women959 Words   |  4 Pages This poem is from a modern perspective, and reflects the empowerment that women have created for themselves in the last century. One of the ways which female oppression became so widespread and successful was the acquiescence of the majority of women. Women were beaten, killed, imprisoned, and ostracized for standing up to oppression. However, the more that women refused to be made into objects and mistreated the less men were able to do so with impunity. Spera’s poem is rich with bitterRead MoreWomen Empowerment in Bangladesh2244 Words   |  9 PagesWomen Empowerment in Bangladesh Introduction: Women’s empowerment is defined as â€Å"women’s ability to make strategic life choices where that ability had beenpreviously denied them† (Kabeer 1999). 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The theory that there can and should be political, social, and economic equality of the sexes. Taking part in and learning more about this movement, this strive towards a more equal world and the empowerment of women through solving issues that deal with education, health, identity, work, violence and politics, has ultimately led me, I believe, into becoming a stronger person, a stronger woman in society. One where I know that after careful understandingRead MoreAmbedkar and Women Empowerment2052 Words   |  9 Pagesefforts for Women empowerment and Social justice by Anil kumar chaudhary Research Scholar Law Department Lucknow University Ambedkar’s efforts for Women empowerment and Social justice Abstracts Women of today have become very powerful they have equal opportunities as men have in all the fields like education, marriage, job, property etc. Women are now free to do everything according to their will. It is during the time of Ambedkar that the status of women in IndiaRead MoreWomen Empowerment in Bangladesh1967 Words   |  8 PagesWomen Empowerment in Bangladesh Women empowerment in Bangladesh means giving women of the country the power to rule and govern their own lives, away from traditional and social constraints. The women empowerment movement in Bangladesh focuses on giving women the power and authority they need to be men’s equals. The structures of sub ordinance that have keep women in the dark for so long must be eliminated. Women must have intellectual resources that can be acquired through good education and materialRead MoreEssay on Women Empowerment5257 Words   |  22 Pagesin/sites/upload_files/dit/files/SocialMediaFrameworkDraftforPublicConsultation_192011.pdf Essay on Women Empowerment Meetika Srivastava affiliation not provided to SSRN October 4, 2009 Abstract:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gender equality is, first and foremost, a human right. A woman is entitled to live in dignity and in freedom from want and from fear. Empowering women is also an indispensable tool for advancing development and reducing poverty. Empowered women contribute to the health and productivity of whole families and communities

THYESTES Essay Example For Students

THYESTES Essay A monologue from the play by Seneca NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from Senecas Tragedy, v. ii. Trans. Frank Justus Miller. New York: G.P. Putnams Sons, 1917. THE FURY: Onward, damned shade, and goad thy sinful house to madness. Let there be rivalry in guilt of every kind; let the sword be drawn on this side and on that; let their passions know no bounds, no shame; let blind fury prick on their souls; heartless be parents rage, and to childrens children let the long trail of sin lead down; let time be given to none to hate old sinsever let new arise, many in one, and let crime, een midst its punishment, increase. From haughty brothers hands let kingdoms fall, and in turn let them call back the fugitives; let the wavering fortune of a home of violence midst changing kings totter to its fall; from power to wretchedness, from wretchedness to powermay this befall, and may chance with her ever-restless waves bear the kingdom on. For crimes sake exiled, when God shall bring them home, to crime may they return, and may they be as hateful to all men as to themselves; let there be naught which passion deems unallowed; let brother fear brother, fath er fear son, and son father; let children vilely perish and be yet more vilely born; let a murderous wife lift hand against her husband, let wars pass over seas, let streaming blood drench every land, and over the mighty chiefs of earth let Lust exult, triumphant. In this sin-stained house let shameful defilement be a trivial thing; let fraternal sanctity and faith and every right be trampled under foot. By our sins let not heaven be untaintedwhy do the stars glitter in the sky? Why do their fires preserve the glory due the world? Let the face of night be changed, let day fall from heaven. Embroil thy household gods, summon up hatred, slaughter, death, and fill the whole house with Tantalus. Adorn the lofty pillar and with laurel let the festal doors be green; let torches worthy of thine approach shine forththen let the Thracian crime be done with greater number. Why is the uncles hand inactive? Not yet does Thyestes bewail his sonsand when will he lift his hand? Now set oer the fla mes let cauldrons foam; let the rent members one by one pass in; let the ancestral hearth be stained with blood, let the feast be spreadto no novel feast of crime wilt come as banqueter. To-day have we made thee free, have loosed thy hunger to the banquet yonder; go, feed full thy fasting, and let blood, with wine commingled, be drunk before thine eyes. I have found feast which thou thyself wouldst fleebut stay! Whither dost thou headlong rush?

Soldiers Of Destruction By Charles W. Sydnor, Jr EickeS Cultiv

Soldiers Of Destruction By Charles W. Sydnor, Jr: EickeS Cultivation Of Elitism EICKES CULTIVATION OF ELITISM A sign declaring Barnard College ranks Number 1 in the Journal of Economic Educations, Fall 1997 Rankings of 40 ELITE Liberal Arts Colleges Economics Departments adorns the door of my dorm room. Although society emphasizes the attainment of elitism or status, it may not be aware that the doctrine of elitism and those who are labeled elite have been ingrained in society since childhood. Parents dedicate their energies and funds to provide the best opportunities for their children. And the childrens resulting future success becomes the reward for their parents determination. Similarly, in Soldiers of Destruction by Charles W. Sydnor, Jr., Theodore Eicke, the creator and commander of the Third SS Panzer Division Totenkopf, strives to instill upon his soldiers the elite character of their division. With the goal of instilling elitism in his soldiers, Eickes combination of uncompromising demand for obedience, talent for organization, and a gift for inspiring and leading men has given the Totenkopfdivision the reputation as one of the most powerful formations in the German armed forces. As a result of its uncompromising leader, Theodore Eicke, the SS Totenkopfdivision possessed a special character and demeanor even among the other SS divisions. First, Eickes doctrine of elitism was routed in the Nazi movement that he embraced with zeal and ferocity. This elitist mentality can be traced back to Eickes handling of the prewar concentration camps. Eickes conviction in the inferiority of the prisoners established the basis for his development of the standard concentration camp system as a place of forced labor, solitary confinement, and other established forms of abuse. In addition, Eicke wholeheartedly believed that the concentration camps were the only available and effective instrument for destroying these adversaries of the National Socials. These concentration camps were organized, and guarded by the militarized SS formations that Eicke himself had recruited. Since the fuhrer had given the SSTV-a racially select group of individuals-sole responsibility for guarding and running the camps, the SSTV constituted an elite within the elite structure of the SS. In other words, not only were the SSTV elite, but they were superiors to others within the elite SS structure. Seventeen to twenty years old, at least five feet ten inches tall, in perfect health, and of racially pure stock were the stipulations placed upon volunteers desiring acceptance into the newly formed SS Totenkopfverbande (25). These core requirements demonstrate what Eicke deemed fit for the division and what he envisioned as elite. And this idea of elitism per versed the Totenkopfdivision through Eickes orders, circulars and adamant memoranda that constantly attempted to convince the men they served the most important and finest formation in the SS. Therefore, Eicke sought to remove the stigma of the SSTV as jailor or prison guards for fear that it would damage their performance on the job. Eickes elitist belief marauded the Totenkopfdivision in all aspects of its operations. Awarding the men a sense of spirit and status allowed them to go and fight with courage, drive and perseverance. The men became very goal-orientated. The Totenkopfdivision faced the war with a set purpose and the view that they were the only ones able to perform the task fixed in their minds. Basically, they were conditioned to believe, by Eicke, if they can not do it, then no one can. Eicke amazingly fused his political fanaticism, elitism and camaraderie in order to give the soldiers a sense of their own uniqueness within the SS. First, Eicke set up several criteria or rules of selection for admission into the Totenkopfdivision. In order that he may set up his own elite formation, Eicke resisted Himmlers attempts to intervene in matters concerning enrollment and recruitment of soldiers in the SSTK (70). Searching for the perfect combination of administrative and military talents, Eicke gathered a reliable staff to advise him in his new command of the SSTK (46). In addition, except for Bertling and Montigny, all high officials had been hand-picked and trained by Eicke solely to help him build the division into the kind of formation the prewar SS Totenkopfdivision had been (53). Eicke also had problems with the composition of the men

5 tips on how to keep employee turnover low

5 tips on  how to keep employee turnover low One core aspect of successfully running a business- regardless of its size or the industry it’s operating in- is keeping staff happy and motivated so that they continue to perform at effective levels. It also helps to reduce levels of employee turnover- something that strategic, forward-thinking management teams should always consider.Why is employee turnover so crucial to manage carefully? Simple- its potential negative effects on an organization can be profound, and can impact every aspect of a company’s ability to operate efficiently.Entrepreneur published an insightful article on the hidden costs of employee turnover  in which  Toronto-based human resources consultant Tom Armour discussed the hidden ways turnover can have a financial effect on a company, including:The cost  of  the work that isn’t getting done when an employee is missingCo-workers not being able to work to their full potential because they’re picking up the slack from missing e mployeesA loss of credibility for management when a work environment has a reputation for excessive turnover and employees grow discouraged that they will thrive thereSo, it’s clear that employee turnover is a potential problem for any business and that its potential effects are wide and deep. That said, there are some strategic steps that key management, HR teams, and hiring personnel can take in an effort to minimize its prevalence. Forbes recently published an article that highlights several key ways to reduce employee turnover.Consider using these 5 strategies in your company.hbspt.cta.load(2785852, '9e52c197-5b5b-45e6-af34-d56403f973c5', {});1. Hire the right people.Keeping employees starts with hiring the right employees. You likely  hire employees  who have strong skills that match your open position. But, how well do your employees fit in with your business’s culture?You must hire employees who are behavioral and cultural fits for the job. You can ask emplo yees  behavioral interview questions  to find out how they react in certain situations. Also, during interviews, be sure to show candidates around your business and tell them about your workplace culture. Candidates will hopefully eliminate themselves if they don’t fit in.If employees don’t fit in with your work environment, I guarantee they won’t be happy. They won’t fit in, they won’t get along with their co-workers and they’ll feel lonely. An outstanding candidate that doesn’t match the behaviors and culture of your business won’t stay around long. They’ll take their skills somewhere where they fit in.2. Offer competitive pay and benefits.People want to be compensated well. They need to cover standard expenses like housing, utilities, and food- and most people want enough money for extras, too. If you don’t pay your employees well, they’ll find a business that will.When determining compensation for y our employees, it’s good to do market research on wages. Find out what your competitors pay their employees. Research a  competitive salary range  based on similar jobs in your local area. For example, if you want to hire an IT specialist in San Francisco, you should consider what other businesses in San Francisco pay their IT specialists.And you can’t simply give employees paychecks and be done. Employees want good benefits, too. You must offer competitive benefits that your employees want. Learn about  common employee benefits. Then, find out what benefits competitors and other businesses in your area offer.3. Give praise freely and often.Your employees need encouragement and recognition. When they do something right, show your appreciation. When they finish a large, difficult project or submit a project before the deadline, congratulate them. Show them that you see their hard work.Of course, don’t feel like you have to shower employees with praise for e verything they do. You don’t have to praise employees for small, everyday tasks. But, when employees truly do something worth congratulations, give it.The goal here is to create an encouraging, positive work environment. When employees feel respected, acknowledged, desired, and motivated, they are more likely to stay. Best of all, this method to decrease employee turnover is free. You just have to use your words.4. Guide employees down a career path at your company.If employees stay stagnate in one job for too long, they might search for another job where they can advance. Most employees want to increase their skills and knowledge and move up the career ladder. Showing employees a projected career path gives them a sense of direction and purpose.You should lay out an ideal plan for your employees. Where can they go from their current position? Maybe it’s an upward or lateral move. Or, maybe your employees can earn more responsibility in their current position. Whatever it is, let your employees know how they can advance.After you’ve set up a plan with them, you can help employees advance along their career path. Provide them with coaching quarterly by recommending ways to advance. You can also offer employees training opportunities. Give them plenty of chances to learn new skills and put them into practice in their current job.5. Don’t shy away from flexibility.If it’s possible, allow  flexible work schedules that let employees adjust their work time and location. That way, employees can create a work-life balance for themselves. Your workers can pursue things beyond work, go to appointments, and take care of their families- all while getting their work done on time.Flexible work schedules might not be possible for all businesses; your employees might need to be at your business at specific times. But there still might be ways you can offer flexibility, such as the option of working from home one day a week or adjusting a s tart time for the day.There you have it- if you’re interested in minimizing the effects of employee turnover in your organization, take advantage of the tips listed here to help keep your business operating effectively.

Practice in Correcting Errors in Subject-Verb Agreement

Practice in Correcting Errors in Subject-Verb Agreement Complete the editing exercise below after you have reviewed how to correct errors in subject-verb agreement, including tricky cases. Instructions Several (but not all) of the following sentences contain errors in subject-verb agreement. When you spot an error, correct it. If a sentence is free of errors, identify it as correct. When youre done, compare your responses with the answers below. Example Sentences Music soothe me.Billy bake brownies every Halloween.Peggy and Grace is arguing again.Elsie never takes the bus to work.The people who own that house has no insurance.One of these mechanics have a set of jumper cables.Felix and his brother is mending the wings of butterflies.Both of my essays is brilliant.The pulses emitted by a neutron star recurs at precise intervals.One of my uncles dances at the Rainbow Cafe.Phil and Jeremy has gone to the concert.Both of my daughters are professional dancers.Every one of the workers receive the same benefits.There is two gerbils in my bathroom.This box of toys belong in the attic. Answers Here are the answers below, with the corrected words in bold. Music  soothes  me.Billy  bakes  brownies every Halloween.Peggy and Grace  are  arguing again.CorrectThe people who own that house  have  no insurance.One of these mechanics  has  a set of jumper cables.Felix and his brother  are  mending the wings of butterflies.Both of my essays  are  brilliant.The pulses emitted by a neutron star  recur  at precise intervals.CorrectPhil and Jeremy  have  gone to the concert.CorrectEvery one of the workers  receives  the same benefits.There  are  two gerbils in my bathroom.This box of toys  belongs  in the attic.

Book of Exodus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Book of Exodus - Essay Example It showcases the defining element of the identity of the Israelites. Memories and histories of the past that were marked by escape and hardship, coupled with an encompassing covenant with Yahweh, contribute to understanding the political development that took place in this period. There is the theme of election in the social setting of Israelites. Firstly, the nation has been elected as the people of God. Secondly, the â€Å"sons of Israel† have been elected as God’s â€Å"first born sons†. This is seen in how leadership boils down to Jesus from Abraham and Shem. Jacob’s name changes to Israel; a condition that helps his family to hold leadership positions simply because the people believe they have been chosen by God (Dozenman 26). The element of election further narrows down to the descendants of David, from the line of Judah. Finally, through Jesus, leadership can be seen from the power wielded by Jesus. Apart from the divine power inheritance, the connection between history and political is one theme that has been intensively described in the Book of

What motivated the United States to pursue an Imperialist policy Essay

What motivated the United States to pursue an Imperialist policy during the 19th century - Essay Example (Fouskas and BÃ ¼lent, 2005 p 1) The factors that motivated the American policy of Imperialism in the 19th century can be grouped into military, political and economic interests. In the 1890s, America saw the emergence of new navalist’s ideologies, which were greatly advocated for. Alfred T. Mahan, a former president at the Naval War College argued out the need for America to battle out for naval supremacy in the world. Mahan pointed out that foreign commerce was crucial to the survival of any great nation and for a powerful country in the world; thus, there was a need to protect the sea routes. According to Mahan, all these could only be achieved by having a strong naval force. A powerful navy would facilitate the acquisition of colonies and overseas naval bases and oil fields In the early 1890s, America experienced an overproduction of commodities by industries. Majority of the prosperous business people and government officials saw the only solution to the crisis as the finding of new markets for American products outside the North American continent. Americans, thus, targeted territories in Middle East, Africa and Latin America. In the beginning of the 19th century, France, Germany and Great Britain were expanding their political powers and influence in the world through various means. One of such ways was the acquisition of territorial regions in Africa, the country of China and other areas of the globe. This made American policy makers to advocate for America to join other European Countries in acquiring colonies for it not to be left behind politically, economically as well as militarily. (Ramos, 2007 pp 30-31) Imperialism led to the strengthening of the American navy. Imperialism allowed the navy to establish ports in Pearl Harbor, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba and Hawaii. These ports made it possible for America to compete with European countries. America was able to expand its territory. Military forces were easily

The percentage energy loss when a ball Bounces Essay Example for Free

The percentage energy loss when a ball Bounces Essay This investigation will be to determine the relationship between the length of a conductor and its resistance. The aim is to test a number of different lengths of nichrome wire to measure the resistance of each length. To ensure a safe procedure, a low voltage battery of 12 volts will be used, and the samples to be tested will be located on an insulating mat to prevent any shorts occurring. In addition a 2 Amp fuse will be placed in the circuit as a protective measure. For a fair test, all other parameters that can affect the resistance will be kept constant. These are the sample material, the diameter of the wire, and the temperature of the wire. To keep the temperature of the wire constant, it will be necessary to keep the current flowing in it constant. This is because the power dissipated in the conductor is I2R, so an increase of current by a factor of 2 will increase the power dissipated by a factor of 4, which can seriously affect the resistance. Thus only the length of the wire will be changed, and the corresponding voltage across it to give the same test current will be varied and measured. The resistance of the test sample will then be given by Ohms Law: Resistance = Voltage (Volts) ( Ohm) My prediction is that the resistance of the wire will be proportional to its length, all other variables being kept constant Equipment The equipment used for this investigation consisted of: 1) 12 volt power pack with on/off switch 2) Variable resistor (rheostat) 3) A 2 amp ammeter with digital readout to 0. 001 amp accuracy 4) A 20V voltmeter with digital readout to 0. 01V accuracy 5) Crocodile clips for connection of the test sample into the circuit and the voltmeter to the connecting crocodile clips. 6) Test samples consisting of varying lengths of 24 SWG The equipment and the circuit configuration used is shown in Fig 1. A 12-volt power pack will be connected in series with a switch, a 2-amp fuse, an Ammeter, a variable resistor and a sample test wire. A voltmeter will be connected across the test sample by crocodile clips. The test sample was connected into the circuit using crocodile clips. The voltmeter was connected across the sample into the rear of the crocodile clips. The plan will be to vary the sample length from 10 cms to 100 cms in 10 cm increments to provide a good range of results. Also to take readings of three samples for each length, and average the voltage readings to reduce possible errors. There are four factors that will affect the resistance of a wire. These are: 1. As the length of a wire increases, the resistance of the wire also increases. A variable resistor or rheostat is used to vary the current in a circuit. As the sliding contact moves, it varies the length of wire in the circuit. 2. As the cross-sectional area of a wire increases, the resistance of the wire decreases. An analogy of this is a water pipe, if the diameter of the water pipe is small the water flowing through will. Experience high resistance to the rate of flow. However if the diameter of the water pipe is large, the water flowing. Through it will experience low resistance to the rate of flow. 3. Different types of materials will affect the resistance in different ways. Materials such as copper, are very good conductors, and is used for connecting wires. Other materials such as nichrome (as used in the investigation) have a higher resistance than copper, and so is used in the heating elements of electric fires. 4. As the temperatures of a wire increases, the resistance of the wire increases as well. This is used in resistance thermometers, which use the fact that electricity does not flow so easily through a wire when the wire gets hot. Resistance is the opposition to the flow of charge. In metals, a sea of free electrons enabling it to conduct electricity surrounds a lattice of positive ions. The shorter the length of wire, the less energy is needed to move the electrons across the wire If the metal is attached to a power supply then the electrons flow through the metal but collide with atoms. Resistance is shown below in the diagram below: The resistance of a metal can be regarded as arising from the interaction, which occurs between the crystal lattice of the metal and the free electrons as they drift through it under an applied potential difference. This interaction is due mainly to collisions between defects in the crystal lattice (e. g. impurity atoms and dislocations) also play a part, especially at very low temperatures. Resistance is measured in Ohms (? ) Georg Ohm discovered that the current flowing through a metal wire is proportional to the potential difference across it (providing the temperature remains constant). Therefore: Resistance, R (? ) = Potential difference across the wire (V) I= V i R V= I x R R= V i I TABLE 1 RESULTS: Table 1 shows the data recorded and the resulting values for resistance for each length. These were those separate samples of the conductor tested for each length, and the average voltage was used to determine the resistance volume. Graph 1 plots the resistance against length for the range of test samples from 10cm to 100cm. The graph shows the data to be in very close proximity to a straight line, verifying the prediction to its length. From the best fit line drawn on the graph, the resistance per unit length of 24 SWG nichrome wire is found to be 0. 362 ohm/cm. When current passes down a wire, the wire gets heated. The moving electrons collide with ion and cause them to vibrate thus increasing the temperature ths is a waste of energy-when a current flows, heat is transferred to the air surroundingggs which explains why computers get hot in operation. However we can make use of the heating effect e. g. in fuses which are designed to melt when too much current flows e. g. in kettles. We can calculate the heat transferred per second using the following formula: Power = (Current)2 x Resistance (Watts) = (Amps)2 x (Ohms) (W) = (A)2 x (? ) Length (cm) Current (Amps) Resistance in Ohms (R=V/I) Power (Watts) From the table above we see that there is a relationship between the resistance and the current. We see that from the results table that the power (in Watts) is equivalent to the current (in amps) squared multiplied by the resistance of the wire. From the graph showing Power Vs Length, we can work out the heat transferred in one centimetre of nichrome wire. Power i Length =Thermal energy transferred (J) Length (cm). Current (Amps) Power (Watts)Â   From these results we can work out the coulombs of charge in each separate length of nichrome. This result will then allow us to calculate how many electrons had passed through the wire, which further allows us to calculate the time taken for the experiment to take place.

Copthorne Hotel †Department Analysis Essay -- Business and Management

Copthorne Hotel – Department Analysis Finance The finance department at the Copthorne Hotel is extremely important to the running of the hotel. Some of the finance operations are carried out within the hotel and some are centrally carried out. For example: Overall accounts, balance sheets for the whole company, Annual reports and break even analysis area all carried out centrally. These are all done centrally to reduce the amount of pressure on the individual hotels and to make sure that they have al the information sorted instead of waiting or the individual hotels to send all of the information to the central office. Here are a few more jobs that are carried out centrally. - Compilation of the Financial section of the annual report - Obtaining capital and resources for bulk purchases for all of the hotels regionally - Identifying start up costs - Identifying running costs - Preparing business plans if hotels need to borrow money - Paying salaries of the management team The finance department within the hotel carries out the simple jobs like paying invoices, preparing guest accounts and paying wages for staff (casual staff etc). Here are a few more jobs that the finance department within the hotel has to handle: - Purchasing orders - Monitoring expenditure (gas, electricity etc) to make sure the hotel stays within its budget Each finance department (centrally and locally) has 5 main jobs. They are as follows: Finance Manager, Cost Controller, Accounts Clerk, Salaries Clerk and several Accounts staff who monitor all of the other departments to make sure they do not go over their budget. The finance department would not be able to operate properly without the required staff and each person is equally important. How Finance helps the Copthorne to meet it’s aims and objectives The finance department is one of the most important departments in the hotel. The finance department manages all of the money that comes in and goes out of the hotel, so without the money that the finance department gives them, many departments would not be able to operate properly. At the beginning of the business year, the finance department set a budget for each department in the hotel. For example, the Human Resources department would be given a  £2,000 budget for all of the business year. The Human Resources ac... ...k together efficiently then Aims & Objectives will be met: - Finance & Administration – All of the other departments know notices and information about budgets, ASAP. - Finance & Marketing – All of the other departments know when their budgets will be received as Marketing may print notices or posters. The finance department will also know how much custom is being made from the advertising posters etc. - Finance & Sales – The finance department will know what is being spent, hat money is being brought in from sales of merchandise etc. - Marketing & Administration – If the Administration team work hard and keep the staff happy, the marketing department wont have to sell hotel as much. Changes I think could be made - The first thing I would add is a multi-department meeting at the end of every week. This would allow the departments to analyse the week’s performance to see if they could improve anything within the hotel. ÃÅ"-I would try and allocate certain days/weeks for certain people. For Example: a week special for families. This would bring in extra money, or a week for couples. This would make a boost to profits as it would be a ‘one off’ special.

Automobile †Renault Essay

From its humble beginnings from in 1885 today the automotive industry is one of the biggest industries today and is one of the world’s most important economic sectors by revenue. Not only does this industry develops and manufacture but it also markets and sells motor vehicles globally. STEEP Analysis onSocio-cultural Socio-cultural variables such as population, social responsibility, cultural differences, and theinfluence of consumer movement affects directly to the automobile industry. Technological Technological factors and innovations, Research & development plays a most important role   asthey improve standards of driving. Fuel consumption is one of a major problem at the moment, hybrid engines has developed toreduce fuel consumption. Ex: Honda, ToyotaOne of a major requirement of the customer is safety. Seat belts, air bags which protect passengers at a collision, ABS brakes to stop the vehicle in short distance even in icy surfaces. By investing for Research and development and innovating new technologies can gain patentedand boost sales. Technological development is support the driver to control the vehicle more comfortable andeasier. In 1999, Renault bought a controlling interest in Nissan at 44% of the shares. This merger raised several questions about the two companies from different countries and their methods of manufacturing and business practices in how they could co-exist and profit from one another. Now, the merger has proven to be the â€Å"most successful partnership in the global automobile industry† (Nissan News, 2005). During research for this paper, not much if any negative information surfaced. There have been some difficulties along the way of factory closing and elimination of redundancies but overall, Nissan and Renault have improved their standing in the marketplace and have improved their profitability, technology utilized, and image within the automobile industry. Nissan was on the verge of bankruptcy before the merger. The company had been unprofitable throughout the 90’s and was in debt in excess of $22 billion. Since the merger, Nissan has turned around to one of the highest operating profit margins in the car industry at 9. 2 percent (Nissan News, 2005). Additionally, Renault has more than doubled their market capitalization since the alliance and has increased their corporate value more than any other European producer. By this measure, no real problems are facing the companies that would not normally arise when considering the cultural differences and production methods between the two companies. As part of the merger, a cross company team was formed to handle such situations. This team shares knowledge, processes, and technology when needed and they work together on new strategies that affect both companies. Both companies continue to act as separate entities with a sprit of independence yet do share several platforms in terms of technology and production along with customer services practices and communications. Sharing these platforms offer huge financial savings as a single platform could be used across two companies. Purchasing power of Renault is shared with Nissan which is a major source of cost savings. Overall, it’s a win-win situation for both companies. The biggest recommendation one could make is to continue down the road of brand separation on the front end but sharing as much as possible on the back end. Sharing such practices as customer service, engineering techniques, research and design of new technologies, and cost saving practices. Another recommendation that could be made to Renault Nissan is to compromise during differences. To this point, once a decision has been made that decision needs to be carried out to the fullest with no changing in mid-stream. If the initiative does not work to the expectation of the teams then the teams must work together for the solution and not point fingers or place blame. This is especially important on platforms that are shared between the two and has impact to both companies. Balancing commitment to shareholders and the community is a very delicate task in this case considering each is from a different country with different views and values. Since each company operates independently from one another, this allows each to focus on their own. With the cross company teams, made up of equal representatives from the two companies, these commitments can be considered and evaluated by both companies. Since Renault has controlling stake of Nissan, their shareholders are a majority but that doesn’t mean that they cannot be sensitive or mindful of Nissan’s shareholders desires for the companies. Culturally speaking of their communities, each company has a presence in their homeland that does not prevent them from involvement in their communities just the same as they were not merged in with another company. Turing around a failing automobile manufacture into a global leader is not a sign of failure and Nissan has done just that. It took the help of Renault to perform this transformation yet the identity of Nissan has remained. The same for Renault, their ability to increase their market standing with the introduction of new technology and manufacturing techniques introduced by Nissan demonstrates that when two companies combine their efforts and work as single unit it does not mean an acquisition or merger is such a bad thing. Sure there can be challenges along the way but in this case the success is evident and has continued to flourish as time has passed. Resources: Hunger, J. D. , Whellen, T. L. (2006). Strategic management and business policy (10th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Lewis, R. (2004, June 4). Renault/Nissan: A successful partnership. Car Keys. Retrieved July 21, 2007, from http://www. carkeys. co. uk/features/industry/2004/3439. asp Renault-Nissan alliance: A uniquely successful partnership that offers synergies and economies-of-scale, while preserving independence. (n. d. ) Retrieved July 21, 2007, from www. nissannews. com/corporate/alliance/1_Introduction. doc

Business cards Essay

With business cards, people could keep them in their wallet or pocket, as they are small and light to carry around. Also, people keep them around their house just in case they need to contact a certain business and people do look at business cards to see what the business is promoting and looking to see if they need it. Posters Posters are a great way to catch someone’s eye as they are, bold, bright and in your face all the time. You can’t ignore posters as they are really big and your eyes just get a hold of the image and stares at it and you are attracted to it because of the vibrant colours. If Errol uses posters than he would get a wide audience, as many people would pass the poster whilst they are driving walking etc. With posters they are also a great way of promoting his business as they are outside with a wide audience. Web Page There is such a wide audience on the Internet, so with a web page on the Yellow Pages or Thomson Local site, there is a guarantee that lots of people would be browsing those sites in search of a service. With the web sites they are much easily organised and categorised so it would be very easy to locate something you may need and very fast. They even do it by area and business names as well so the searching is much faster and easier. I have got evidence of different marketing media’s of secondary research in the back of the coursework (appendices); there it will show the different types of ways you can advertise. Here I am going to write why I chose these pictures as evidence. Yellow Pages Pictures 1, 2 and 4 are from the Yellow Pages and in these pictures you can see how the person had laid out to advertise their business. Picture 1 the writing stands out as it’s blue and the background is white, but with picture 2 these people didn’t want to spend as much money on advertising so they kept it plain and simple and unfortunately with this advertising it is not going to catch anyone’s eye so they won’t get as much customers as picture 1 and 4 would get. Pictures 1 and 4 stand out much more, even though they are still small, they are so much bigger than picture 2. Thomson Local Pictures 3 and 5 are from the Thomson Local book. Picture 3 is quite representable as there are a variety of colours, but not so much colours so it keeps it subtle and calm looking and it doesn’t look overdone. The writing is also quite clear on it even though the ad seems to look quite small. But, picture 5 is huge; this stands out on its page and catches the reader’s eye to that ad straight away. The orange background helps it as it’s so bright, you can’t take you eyes off it, as it’s so attractive. Picture 5 also has a lot of information about the business, they have more information than picture 3 but you wouldn’t need that much information so that amount of information for both the pictures is just fine. The Leader Picture 6 is from the local Leader newspaper and this ad is quite good as it’s quite big and bold. There are only two colours but the reader’s eye is still wedged into looking at the advert. This ad has all the information you would want to know about the garage and the phone number is very bright so you wouldn’t need to squint to read it and all the writing is clear and is understandable and easy to read. Web Page Pictures 7 and 9 are both web pages. Picture 7 is from yell. com and picture 9 is from thomsonlocal. com. By doing web pages the customer can easily find what he/she is looking for as the searching is quick and easy, as everything is organised and categorised. It is very easy to find what you are looking for and it’s very sufficient, so if you lost the book of each of these sites than all you have to do is go to the web site and find what you are looking for there. These web sites have all the details you need to know about the business and it has ways that you can contact the business to. Business Cards Picture 8 is a business card and these are great to use, as they are small and easy to carry and people can keep it in their wallet and you can have all the information you need on them about your business. I chose this business card as the number is very big and takes up nearly the whole card and the name of the company comes next so people have a rough idea about what the business does. This business card is just right as it has just the right amount of information on it like a web site, phone number, companies name and as it’s double sided, there is more information on the back about the prices they charge. Posters Picture 10 is a poster about a motor garage. I think that the poster is very simple, it’s also very eye catching but it doesn’t have that much information on it. This poster doesn’t have as much information on it than it should have, but that’s ok in a way, as you wouldn’t want to squash everything up in one tiny poster. The colours are daring as they all just stand out and as the picture is animated it looks quite fun in a way as it looks interesting to look at. But there is no phone number or address to locate the business or get in touch with them. Leaflets Picture 11 is a leaflet’s front cover. As we can see it doesn’t give as much information away but that’s probably in the inside of the leaflet. The colours are again bright and a clever use of colours like a dark colour and a bright one so each colour makes each other one stand out. The title could also be quite catchy, as people wouldn’t want to get ripped off by a garage so they will look at this leaflet so they get a better deal; this title is a way people could save money. For each of the media stated which is appropriate to Errol, I am going to analyse it and say the advantages and disadvantages of it. Local Newspapers Advertising in local newspapers is great as the newspaper is free and everyone has one. So if Errol were to advertise in a local newspaper like The Leader than, loads of people in that catchment area would know about him and the word can spread around quick as everyone reads the newspapers. It costs about i 200 per week to advertise in the local newspapers, but if it was a regualr advertisement than it would get 20% discount off a week. On the other hand, in newspapers, people mainly look at the articles not the adverts so they tend to ignore them and newspapers get recycled and throw away so they won’t get looked at again. Newspaper adverts don’t get much attention and businesses don’t get helped by these adverts, so if you were to have an ad in the paper then it should stand out a lot and the reader should want to look at the ad. Radio Stations If Errol were to get an advert on the radio than it’s very likely that loads of people would be listening to the advert and it’s also very likely that people in the area if his business would be listening too. With the radio, there is a wide audience and adverts on the radio are more effective than adverts on the TV as you can change the channel, but with the radio people aren’t as bothered with the adverts because if they are driving they can’t mess about with the radio. If there is an advert on the radio than people like to paint a picture in their head about the advert, consequently making it more successful. The cost of advertising on the radio can be quite expensive and I have the figures of how much it would cost roughly: A simple advertisement for a small station will usually cost i 200-i 300. London stations and Digital Stations can cost up to ten times that. The price includes: script writing, audio production, actors to voice the ads, music (if used) and special effects (if used). All of this has to be licensed for broadcast for 12 months from the first time it’s played. Aim to spend at least 10% of your budget on the creative – for example†¦ A i 2,500 campaign on a small station over four weeks will probably run with one piece of creative which might cost you i250.   A i 25,000 campaign over a year will likely need a few different advertisements. At this level of investment, a jingle or audio identifier would be useful so listeners start to recognise your ads as soon as they hear them. A i 250,000 campaign over a year might be worth licensing a famous song for i 25,000 so your company really stands out. But listeners may not pay attention to the adverts and if Errol was to get an advert on radio than it will cost him a lot of money and as he’s just started the business it could lead him into bankruptcy. Sometimes motor garage ads on the radio aren’t as effective as people don’t pay attention to what the people are saying and they think that it’s boring. Directories Yellow Pages The Yellow Pages is a great place to promote your business, as the Yellow Pages is widely known, loads of people trust it more and as it comes free to your doorstep, every household has one. The Yellow Pages is also great as it has target areas so no one will be complaining about going too far to get a service as it’s all very near to them. Plus, it’s free to advertise in the Yellow Pages book, which displays your business name, address and telephone number under a single classification heading of your choice. However, the disadvantages of the big yellow book is that it’s heavy to carry and people wouldn’t want to be carrying that book around with them trying to find a suitable service and as there are millions of other ads, you are all competing and if your ad doesn’t stand out as much as the others or doesn’t sound very appealing than you will be losing customers as they will be going onto another business of the same service. So if Errol was to advertise in the Yellow Pages than he should make sure that his ad stands out the most on the page and that it looks appealing and trustworthy and to have the right information, like the information the customer would want to know not something they wouldn’t.

language of the court essays

language of the court essays The courtroom provides an institutionalized setting where social justice is negotiated through the questioning of witnesses. Nearly every turn-to-talk of the counsel contains a question and every turn-to-talk of the witness may or may not supply the information requested. Therefore, in order to get the relevant information from the witness and aiming at getting the information that in flavor to their clients. The counsel uses a variety of questioning techniques which will help them to win the case. On the other side, the language used by interpreters, witnesses and magistrate is rather different to the lawyers because they are supposed to be neutral and only responsible to tell the truth. Aiming at getting trust from the jury, the lawyer ¡s language has to be persuasive, or at least sounds to be persuasive. They have to provide evidences to prove their client is innocent or to prosecute someone. The questions raised by the solicitors are well organized and there is certain degree of linkage between questions. Their questions try to lead the witness into the right track and to give the relevant information that is in flavor to his client. Clear instruction and use of coercive question forms Lawyers also tend to give very clear instruction to witness on what they want him/her to do. For example, lawyers tend to say  ¡you only have to answer yes or no on this question ¡,  ¡I want u to listen very carefully on what I am going to say now ¡ very often in the case we heard. On one hand, it gives clear instruction to the witness; on the other hand, it also achieves the purpose of coerciveness. Since the patient in the courtroom is not a legal professional, in the case we heard, the patient is only a 16 years old girl, therefore, jargon are rarely heard in the counsel-witness examination. The language is simple and pla ...

101 Classics to Get You Started

101 Classics to Get You Started So many books, so little time. Anyone, novice or expert, who is interested in reading classic literature might feel overwhelmed by the number of works categorized as Classics. So, where should you get started? The list below contains 101 works spanning multiple countries and subjects. It is meant to be a get started or find something new list for anyone on their own personal classic reading quest. Text Author The Count of Monte Cristo (1845) Alexandre Dumas The Three Musketeers (1844) Alexandre Dumas Black Beauty (1877) Anna Sewell Agnes Grey (1847) Anne Bront The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848) Anne Bront The Prisoner of Zenda (1894) Anthony Hope Barchester Towers (1857) Anthony Trollope The Complete Sherlock Holmes (1887-1927) Arthur Conan Doyle Dracula (1897) Bram Stoker The Adventures of Pinocchio (1883) Carlo Collodi A Tale of Two Cities (1859) Charles Dickens David Copperfield (1850) Charles Dickens Great Expectations (1861) Charles Dickens Hard Times (1854) Charles Dickens Oliver Twist (1837) Charles Dickens Westward Ho! (1855) Charles Kingsley Jane Eyre (1847) Charlotte Bront Villette (1853) Charlotte Bront Sons and Lovers (1913) D.H. Lawrence Robinson Crusoe (1719) Daniel Defoe Moll Flanders (1722) Daniel Defoe Tales of Mystery Imagination (1908) Edgar Allan Poe The Age of Innocence (1920) Edith Wharton Cranford (1853) Elizabeth Gaskell Wuthering Heights (1847) Emily Bront The Secret Garden (1911) Frances Hodgson Burnett Crime and Punishment (1866) Fyodor Dostoyevsky The Brothers Karamazov (1880) Fyodor Dostoyevsky The Man Who Was Thursday (1908) G.K. Chesterton The Phantom Of The Opera (1909-10) Gaston Leroux Middlemarch (1871-72) George Eliot Silas Marner (1861) George Eliot The Mill on the Floss (1860) George Eliot The Diary of a Nobody (1892) George and Weedon Grossmith The Princess and the Goblin (1872) George MacDonald The Time Machine (1895) H.G. Wells Uncle Toms Cabin (1852) Harriet Beecher Stowe Walden (1854) Henry David Thoreau The Aspern Papers (1888) Henry James The Turn of the Screw (1898) Henry James King Solomons Mines (1885) Henry Rider Haggard Moby Dick (1851) Herman Melville The Odyssey (circa 8th C. BC) Homer The Call of the Wild (1903) Jack London Last of the Mohicans (1826) James Fenimore Cooper Emma (1815) Jane Austen Mansfield Park (1814) Jane Austen Persuasion (1817) Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice (1813) Jane Austen Pilgrims Progress (1678) John Bunyan Gullivers Travels (1726) Jonathan Swift Heart of Darkness (1899) Joseph Conrad Lord Jim (1900) Joseph Conrad 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1870) Jules Verne Around the World in Eighty Days (1873) Jules Verne The Awakening (1899) Kate Chopin The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) L. Frank Baum Tristram Shandy (1759-1767) Laurence Sterne Anna Karenina (1877) Leo Tolstoy War and Peace (1869) Leo Tolstoy Alices Adventures in Wonderland (1865) Lewis Carroll Through the Looking-Glass (1871) Lewis Carroll Little Women (1868-69) Louisa May Alcott The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) Mark Twain Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884) Mark Twain Frankenstein (1818) Mary Shelley Don Quixote of La Mancha (1605 1615) Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra Twice-Told Tales (1837) Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter (1850) Nathaniel Hawthorne The Prince (1532) Niccol Machiavelli The Four Million (1906) O. Henry The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) Oscar Wilde The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890) Oscar Wilde The Metamorphoses (circa 8 AD) Ovid Lorna Doone (1869) R. D. Blackmore Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886) Robert Louis Stevenson Treasure Island (1883) Robert Louis Stevenson Kim (1901) Rudyard Kipling The Jungle Book (1894) Rudyard Kipling Ivanhoe (1820) Sir Walter Scott Rob Roy (1817) Sir Walter Scott The Red Badge of Courage (1895) Stephen Crane What Katy Did (1872) Susan Coolidge Tess of the dUrbervilles (1891-92) Thomas Hardy The Mayor Of Casterbridge (1886) Thomas Hardy Utopia (1516) Thomas More Rights of Man (1791) Thomas Paine Les Misrables (1862) Victor Hugo The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. (1819-20) Washington Irving The Moonstone (1868) Wilkie Collins The Woman in White (1859) Wilkie Collins A Midsummer Nights Dream (1600) William Shakespeare As You Like It (1623) William Shakespeare Hamlet (1603) William Shakespeare Henry V (1600) William Shakespeare King Lear (1608) William Shakespeare Othello (1622) William Shakespeare Richard III (1597) William Shakespeare The Merchant of Venice (1600) William Shakespeare The Tempest (1623) William Shakespeare Vanity Fair (1848) William Thackeray

The Olympus corporate scandal of 2011 Research Paper

The Olympus corporate scandal of 2011 - Research Paper Example From the research it can be comprehended that a corporate body has a distinct legal status and has characteristics and liabilities that are separate from those of its members. It has the right to exist for indefinite period of time. New corporations are created after having them registered and their main purpose is to conduct business and commerce. A corporate body can be owned by two or more individuals who form a partnership with an agreement among themselves to share profits and losses in a pre-determined ratio. A partner can have limited or unlimited liability. A limited liability partner is one whose responsibility for company’s debts is limited only to the amount of his capital contribution. Unlimited liability means when a company is declared bankrupt, then the partner’s personal assets can be seized to clear the debts. All corporate bodies have some common purposes. A corporation garners the interests and funds of its owners to serve the interests of the public. It shall ensure fair profits for its partners but not by endangering the stake of other shareholders. Every corporate body needs to satisfy the needs of the current generation and at the same time must have an insight into the needs of future generations. A corporate body must perform its activities in a legal and ethical manner. The success of a corporate body depends mostly upon the performance of its management personnel. The management should apply proper strategy and innovations in their performance to bring in more profits on a sustained basis for the organisation by improving the performance of the employees and also by encouraging efficient contribution by those who contribute. Performance management works in combination with corporate management in service

Financial Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial Literacy - Essay Example This essay will explore several articles on the topics of career and jobs, and saving. After some time on a job, one may get a better offer from another firm or decide it is time to move on. During such a time, it is important for one to know that when changing jobs will have financial implications and that there are factors a person has to take into account. An individual should put in place plans that will ensure that his financial health is stable in the period between transitions of jobs (Farr, 2002). One could, for example, have insurance policies that will ensure he gets certain benefits. Having reserve funds will also be ideal to be able to sustain oneself witin the short-term period (Certified Financial Planners Board of Standards, 2005). One should always prepare for retirement as early as possible. This calls for the need to save enough for the future, to ensure that there are enough resources to sustain one throughout the period after retirement. In addition, job security is never guaranteed, thus, a person should always have a contingency plan in case one loses her or his job. This information will help me to secure my financial future as early as possible and prepare for unplanned circumstances (Claman, 2001). During the beginning and peak of one’s career, an individual may earn more than he will need for immediate consumption; hence, he will need to save for future times when he may not be able to have a constant income or his needs exceeds the current income. Saving can also be a way of creating more wealth and having another extra source of income. Saving can also be viewed from another perspective, which is in terms of the money one spends on a commodity or service. Different services and products have a range of prices depending on the quality, amount and type among other factors. Based on this, one should evaluate the product that he is buying and analyse whether he can get the same at a lower price.

Macroeconomics Interview Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Macroeconomics Interview Assignment - Essay Example as a set of actions and conditions that were fundamental attributes of a financial crisis and ensuing recession, which become evident and visible in 2008. Some of the actions or factors that contributed to this crisis of rise and fall of housing costs are attributed of the securities held by the financial institutions. The ensuing years leading to the crisis, the United States had received large sums of money in terms of foreign loans from fast developing economies such as Asia and other oil manufacturing nations (Rao, and Sisodiya, 11). The huge inflow of foreign funds and low U.s rates of interest between 2002 and 2004 is attributed to the volatile milieu characterised by easy credit conditions. This environment is immensely attributed to the housing and credit bubbles. However, the immediate cause of the subprime crisis was the bursting of the US’s housing bubble. The bubble peaked between 2005 and 2006. The crisis was characterized by an increase in subprime mortgage negligence and foreclosure, and the consequent decrease of securities that were guaranteed by the said mortgages. The mortgages included the mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and the collateralized debt obligations (CDO). The securities offered attractive incentives and rates of return in the beginning; nonetheless, the abnormally low credit factor eventually resulted to substantial defaults (Rao, and Sisodiya, 27). Fundamentally, the crisis is connected to numerous factors; however, the primary ones include the inability of homeowners to submit the mortgage payments due to predatory lending and speculation factors. Other factors include high level of personal and corporate debts, poor monetary and housing policy, global imbalances and inapt government regulation, which aimed at expanding homeownership. It is imperative to note that, the MBS, CDO and credit default swap caused the disproportionate housing debt. For the case of the home sellers and business people, the increase and sharp fall of

Gender Segregation in the Workforce

Gender Segregation in the Workforce The occupational sex segregation in various countries It has commonly been assumed that, the gender inequality in occupations is reflected in many aspects, such as the pay gap, gender discrimination, education qualification, traditional patriarchy concept and welfare. The essay are mainly focus on the occupational sex segregation, it is likely that senior job position almost attribute to male, female often stay lower statues in career. For example, women are often excluded from tradesmen, as the spelling of the word implied, tradesmen seems like male-dominant. The segregation is quite obvious in occupations, (Barbalescu and Bidwell 2013) found that men prefer the job in construction, medicine, law, engineering while women are defined as cheap labor force and the substitute of men, their job are considered as unskilled, non-professional and less paid (England, 2005). In the UK, women were expected out of labor market in the past, in 1980, less than 1 percentage women are profession and male as breadwinner in family. By 2002, the percentage of women profession increased by 40. By 2011, there is about 30 percent increase in female earner and small grow in dual-earner which exceeds the percentage of traditional male breadwinner (Rubery and Rafferty, 2013) but women are still underrepresented in certain jobs. According to Cotter et al (2004), in US, men remain supervisory position in the past, but their status are decline gradually with the continued increase of womens participation in labor market even in male-dominate job, currently, a majority of women are emerged in the work such as teachers, nurse and clerk (Preston, 1993). The essay is based on the literature research to explore the reason of the gender segregation in occupations and how it result the undervaluation of womens work. Cases of male-dominant and famine-dominant job Cejka and Eagly (1999) suggested that the male-dominant job requires physical strength, because it is full of competition and under high pressure environment. The masculine character is described as aggressive, brave, courage, endurance and resolute, they are more likely to handle the hard work. For example, construction work are dangerous anytime, with the possibility of death, frequently hurt and getting ill (Health and Safety Executive, 2001,Jones et al., 2003) which always be linked to masculinity. In film and TV industry, women are less likely to hold the job, according to the study of Lang (2015), in 2014, the proportion of female is just 14à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦as film industry directors and only 20à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ writers, 8% cinematographers. Besides, there is no obvious increase of womens involvement in this period (Follows, Kreager and Gomes, 2016). Female are limited to direct the film, as a result, they are restricted to be employed or only employed for certain types of work. Furthermore, women have limited ability to gain experience and recourses thus remain lower status. Skillset (2007) described that, a majority of women are more likely to be employed in make-up, dress up, personal assistant and cleaning work. Although the proportion of the entrance to the film and IT industry is nearly half and half, segregation start after they come into the industry ( Follows, Kreager andGomes, 2016). Besides, the job nature are long working hours, women cannot meet physical standard, Gi ll and Pratt (2008) added that it is difficult to keep and balance friendship, family life and other relations. Another case are going to be demonstrated is nurse, people apply for nurses are almost female. Base on the data from the Kaiser Family Foundation, the ratio of female to male in nurses filed is differential, in Kentucky, female ratio is 12 while male is only 1, the biggest difference is in Iowa and south Carolina, the proportion is 15 female to 1 male, even the smallest gap is 6 to 1 in California. Female are dominant role in nurse, although there has seen some increase in mens participation but still underrepresented (Rappleye, 2015). Another example of male-dominant job is engineering and science, from Marder (2012) statistic, in 2008, 41 percent men of college student are going to choose the science and engineering as their major while women are only 30 percent. After graduation, men also exceed women in science and engineering field, women obtain only 20 percent degrees which also affect their working condition (Hill, Corbett Rose, 2010). According to the the report, women shows more interest in the field of biology, social and behavioral sciences than men, but lag in computer science field, as data reveals, women only account for 19 percent of software developers compared to mens leading role in computer science and physics (Marder, 2012). Jobs can be done by anyone regardless of gender There are some arguments that, women employed in male-dominant job when the labor is short, they are regarded as labor reserve and substitution. Most people insist that women are weakness that cannot bear the primitive work environment and hard job (Health and Safety Executive, 2001, 2003; Jones et al., 2003). A majority of female chooses male-type work gradually that break the traditional deep-rooted male privilege and inequity gender segregation (Paechter, 2007). According to Grusky and Charles (2004), in developed countries, the ratio of men and womens dominant work are nearly equal. NHS, start to open permission to anyone, finally, get more profits (Rubery and Rafferty, 2013). As figure shows, women has become an main labor force, in middlesborough, womens participation achieve 55 percent, in Liverpool, the number is 54.5, as for Glasgow and Manchester, the percentage is 51.5, even in Sheffield, it is 50.8 percent (Blackburn, Browne, Brooks, and Jarman, 2002). It is convictive that the gender difference is not the whole thing, women are lack of opportunities to challenge and transform the situation. With more and more tradeswomen emerging, it is proved that most of the construction work can be done by women and overturn the ideology that women cannot do such work, the traditional statu s of men as supervisor also face the threat, they are lacking power to drive women out of the labor market (Ness, 2012). Further focus on medicine to explore the jobs can be done by anyone. Based on the numbers, there is an increasing amount of women who are qualified as doctors from 1970, which was seen as mens work formerly, in 2007, most of women are working in medicine field and the number are 10 times greater than before (Crompton Lyonette, 2011), Now, women doctors even outweighs male doctors in the UK. Khan (2012) predicts that this trend will happen to general practice as well in the further. Male also increasingly access to female-dominated job which is reflected in nurse. Men are excluded from nurse field previously, now, university encourage men to choose nurse major. From the information collected, only about 3 percent registered nurse is male in 1970 while in 2011, the number increase to about 10 (US Census Bureau, 2013). According to the man who worked as a nurse now, when he is in school from 2008 to 2009, the percentage of male choose to study nurse is only six percent, until he graduates and works in hospital, there is an apparent increase of men work as registered nurses from 147000 of 2.9 million in 2000 to 168000. Wilson (2009) explain that, people believe nurse is the title of female, but after engagement, people recognize this is not a sexualization job. The undervaluation of womens work It is suggest that sex bias still exist, women are often defined as lower productivity, unskilled, cheap labor force and flexible substitution that are less likely for senior position, even at the time of labor force are not enough, employers are not willing to hire women, so they have limited choice on job and receive lower pay (Blackburn, Browne, Brooks, and Jarman, 2002). Base on the date from Office for Budget Responsibility (2010), women job losing rate are reaching to about 56 percent in 2011 compared to about 37 percent in 2009, by 2014-2015, more than 330000 women have no job, it is estimated that the percentage will continues. In addition, exclusionary make women be hostile when they enter male-dominant job, because male believe women will threat their supervisor status (Ness, 2012). As winter (2006) state, women are always excluded from infantry, not only because their physical drawback but also the loyalty matters (Woodward and Winter, 2006). According to a mining engineer Gina, man could do what they are supposed to do while women have to concern on what they are able to do (Herman, Lewis Humbert, 2013). So the next section is going to explore what factors cause this situation. Why OGS result in the undervaluation of womens work The motherhood and part-time status of women One of the most important reason reflecting the development of womens career is motherhood. Mother are not supposed to be an idea worker that they undertake main responsibility for family, they have to combine childbearing with the job, hence women shift their full time job to unskilled part-time job or remain unemployed. (Crompton, Lyonette, 2011) state that having children means great conflict with womens work but unchanged for men, for example, women are not suitable in some professional position, therefore they often delay to have children. When women becomes a mother, they invest less in their career and no interested in promotion thus find lower paid job, their finance are almost depend on their husband, consequently, they neglect the training and human capital, happy to stay in low status and earn less (Mincer and Polachek, 1974). In UK, the childcare system is not comprehensive that women care their child themselves, consequently, the job and working hours are restricted for women (Dale, 1987). From statistics, womens part-time work increase by 33 percent from 1971 to 1991, while women with no child are only 29 percent work as part-time (Blackwell, 2001). Specifically, most of women are family-centered, as a mother of 3 children clams, she will focus less on work and take care children primarily, because the baby will not wait to grow up. The factors of supply and demand 5.2.1 The supply side In terms of the supply side, culture and social factors shape different preference and interest in choosing job of men and women which result the segregation in occupation. Barbalescu and Bidwell (2013) summaries 3 factors influencing the choice, reward level, identification and expectations. While some argue that individuals preference is easy to be changed. It is no doubt that everyone prefer the most valuable job both intrinsic reward such as money and external reward including parent leave, flexible working hour. For the meaning of identification, people apply the job which is most compatible with them. According to research, when people start a new career, they are likely to keep consistent with their identification and the standard (Cross and Markus, 1994). To exam the gender preference, a survey from Barbalescu and Bidwell (2013) found a trend that men are more likely to apply for consulting, trading and finance-related job whereas management, care and service work are more common among women, including human resources, nursing, marketing, teachers, these are perceived as femininity which consist with womens identity. The survey also found the belief of employed in finance filed is quite small among women due to the consideration of their ability and identification. It is tested that the propensity of womens job are greatly influen ced by their motherhood identification. Besides, women often choose the job with most female. Refer to expectation theory, the successful outcome in job can be a great force to motive men and women making choice, applicants expect their effort are useful to guarantee the job position (Barbalescu and Bidwell, 2013). The brief and expectation of they can success in the work also reflect their decision, the theory are able to be explained in the example that women are believed limited in engineering or finance filed, thus they are less likely to apply and employed in masculine job because lack of self-identity (Tomlinson, Olsen and Purdam, 2009). In addition, if the organization has sex discrimination previously, they will refuse to enter the organization (Barbalescu and Bidwel, 2013). As explored above, the 3 factors are interconnected that the preference is the consequence of socialization and culture structure. It is likely that, women prefer job with work-life balance and expect regular time off, men are more likely to pursue reward and power than women while women show less desire on money. 5.2.2 The demand side The demand side will emphasis on employers important role that decide whom will be employed through their behavior (Glick, Zion, Nelson, 1988). It is likely that womens career opportunity is limited while men occupied in the most desirable job (Blackburn and Jarman, 1993). The reason why women are excluded and hard to be employed in some field is men and women are treated differently, from employers perspective, male are dominant and prerogative (Reskin, 2005) thus they prefer hire male especially in gendered work. It is believe that women should balance the work and life, so they often work part-time, as a result, employers offer more training to man to maximize their profit (England, 2005). Besides, labor surplus make employer regard women as cheap labor reserve and substitutes, it is because of the scanty of men in labor market when female are employed in male-dominant work (Reilly et al, 2006), According to statistics, women who have experience on industry and IT filed previously are more likely to be offered a male-dominant job. To test the reason affects the gender segregation in hiring progress and the perspective of employers discrimination and inequitable brief, first, arbitrary culture make employers hold the view that different job fit for the specific sex. For example, only female are regarded as good carer and resist men applying for such job. Women are also considering not competent in math due to their limited ability (England, 2005). Second is statistical discrimination, which means they regard a group as average to predict individual, the discrimination often against women entering high skill, profession work even men and women are hold same qualification (Cohen, Bianchi, 1999), consequently, women are long-term worried to apply for the job. The discrimination also reflects on the pay gap which is a reason for gender segregation. Markus (1977) point out that women are less paid and the pay level are conflict with their ability, the lower pay is also a result of excessive female job due to few wom en entre into male-dominant job (Bergmann 1974). Education, policy and partarchy Lack of equality legislation includes minimal wage standards and subsidy (Rubery and Rafferty, 2013). High level of legislation will offer men and women equal opportunities and help to balance their dual roles. As Dench et al (2002) described, after carry out the legislation about fair opportunity, female employment rate in UK raise from 48 to 57 percent. In addition, in France, policy on paid childcare support, parental leave are provided for women to manage their family and work (Faulkner, 2009) According to Jarman and Blackburn and (1993), in 1938, the education degree is 2 percent and only 0.5 fewer for women. It is likely that low education level will be discriminated and women hold high qualification and skills are benefit for their career, hence, the absence of education and training investment on women is another factor result in the distinct occupations on gender (Crompton Lyonette, 2011). It is important to notice that, inflected by traditional gender class and the theory of patriarchy, men dominant and controls the society and they are the meaning of power and leader, it is hard for women to have equal opportunity (Blackburn, Browne, Brooks, and Jarman, 2002). According to Cockburn (1991), women and men will be allocated to different job accordingly reduce the competition, thus prevent mens job being attacked by women. Besides, man are seen as active in labor market as breadwinner while women concern on domestic work which make womens work undervalued by such segregation (England, 2005). 6. The acceptable work for male and female and conclusion As the essay explored above, women seems more acceptable to work as nurse, school teacher, human resource manager, childcare worker, custom service staff and accountant (Elkins, 2015). The essay also collect the data that male are more likely to do the job in engineer, electricity, industry, army and also a majority of men work as computer software engineer and doctor. The essay then base on the example to prove that womens work are treated unequally, not only the pay gap but also the exclusion of senior position, in addition, women are often regarded as unskilled and cheap labor force because their weakness in physical strength (Health and Safety Executive, 2001, 2003; Jones et al., 2003). These inequities provide the evidence that sex discrimination is an issue should be noticed. Finally, the essay find out the reason behind the phenomenon, first, women as a role of mother should combine work and life which made them have limited time and energy enroll the job, thus, women often wo rk as part-time and some are even unemployed. Second, the shortage of education, training and equal policy for women made employers not willing to hire female, they are often regarded as labor reserve and have limited choice and opportunities. The traditional patriarchy also results in the undervalued work of women. Then the essay concentrates on the supply-demand side, both applications preference and employers discrimination impact the result. Elkins (2015) state that the disproportion should be concerned and the equally gender proportion in occupations would increase the productivity. For further study, the essay will look closely to find more details about the occupations in each filed and make the data more up to date.

Death of a Salesman and All My Sons as Optimistic Tragedies Essay examp

Death of a Salesman and All My Sons as Optimistic Tragedies   Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay deals with Arthur Miller, and his uniqueness as a tragic playwright. The research question that this paper attempted to answer was, why were Miller's plays different from many other tragedies. Two of Arthur Miller's tragedies were used in this essay, Death of a Salesman and All My Sons. The thesis of this essay is, Arthur Miller deviates from the standard perception of tragedy in his plays, Death of a Salesman and All My Sons because unlike other tragedies, they are optimistic in that the main character causes the tragedy for what they perceive to be the greater good. The body of this essay starts out with a discussion of tragedy, and the commonly viewed perception of it, one of pessimism. It goes into detail of several different definitions of tragedy, made by literary critics. The "tragic flaw" is discussed and proven to be a major part of a tragedy, especially Miller's. Death of a Salesman is used to prove this statement. The idea that Miller's plays are optimistic is discussed in great detail. Both plays are used to prove this concept, as well as essays written by literary critics with opinions on this topic. One of the major points in this essay is Miller's use of love. Love is a dominant emotion throughout the tragedies. The important thing about the love is that it is one of the main reasons that the characters do what they do to cause the tragedy. The conclusion of this essay enforces the idea that Arthur Miller's plays are unique from other tragedies. It reinstates the thesis and the reason that it is true. The conclusion also summarizes the most important points of the essay and ends the paper tying everything together. Introd... ... 7. Carson, Neil. "A View from the Bridge and the Expansion of Vision." Bloom, Harold, ed. Arthur Miller: Modern Critical Views. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. (1987) p 94. 8. Hayman, Ronald. Arthur Miller. New York: Frederick Ungar Publiching Co. (1956); p 43. 9. Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman. New York: The Viking Press (1958); p 133. 10. Hayman, Ronald. Arthur Miller. New York: Frederick Ungar Publiching Co. (1956); p 55. 11. Miller, Arthur. "Introduction to Collected Plays." Weales, Gerald, ed. Death of a Salesman: Text and Criticism. New York: Penguin Books (1996); p163. 12. Miller, Arthur. Six Great Modern Plays: All My Sons. New York: Dell Publishing Co. (1956); p 420. 13. Gross, Barry. "All My Sons and the Larger Context." Martine, James J., ed. Critical Essays on Arthur Miller. Boston: G. K. Hall & Co. (1979); p 12.

Effectiveness of Airasia’s Performance Measurement System Essay

We could see that this system used by AirAsia is successful as they have been doing really well and improving since year 2001 from first airline in the world to introduce mobile booking, to be a public listed company on the Malaysia Stocks Exchange (Bursa Malaysia), after having on 22 November 2004. In line with its growth and expansion plans, AirAsia has secured a 175 aircraft commitment with Airbus for its A320s. The 175 aircraft order will place AirAsia as the single largest customer for the aircraft in Asia-Pacific, and potentially one of the largest airline fleets in the region. On 23 of March 2006, AirAsia successfully moved its operations to the new Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT). This is a major milestone as it is the first dedicated terminal for low cost carrier operations in the world. Besides that, they have achieved many more heights even in the past 2 year. AirAsia are focus on its performance measurement system and made sure that whatever they do are in line with the system and try as hard to meet its benchmark. For example, to ensure the safety of guest and employees, the â€Å"List of Checks for Airbus A320† is created. These safety procedures include strict aircraft maintenance, constant updating and training of technicians and flight crew. Once any problems occur during this checklist, immediate action will be taken, making sure it is safe and no problems will occur. Because if the safety are threaten, it will influence the investors, potential customers and rest of the stakeholders to loose confidence in AirAsia, making it hard for AirAsia to achieve their vision. With all this achievements, awards and significant milestones in just 6 years, it is obvious to see that the performance measurement system that AirAsia is using is effective and efficient. This system set a very good benchmark to all the key elements in helping AirAsia achieve its vision and goals. By following the system, AirAsia gives priority on areas like cost efficiency, branding, product development, growth, human capital, safety of guest and employee. The performance measurement system applied manage identify prominent areas that will affect its business and lead it towards its goal and vision.

Thermal Imaging

The case involved a Mr. Smith whos house was suspicious of growing marijuana. The police used thermal technology to scan Mr. smiths house where they found high amounts of heat. The police then got a search warrant and found marijuana growing in his house. Smith was then arrested and entered a conditional guilty plea. Now the high court had to make a decision that would challenge even the greatest lawyer and justice to ever step into the Supreme Court. The case started off with the lawyer for Smith making his case for Smith. The lawyer stated that that the thermal imaging on Smith's house was indeed a search and that this search was unecessary. His house and privacy were protected by the 4th amendment of the United States. The technology was not used properly and unconstitutionally viewed contents on the inside of Smith's home without a warrant. The thermal imaging devices should have not been able to view just his complex and if he was singled out then everyone should be subject to the same thermal imaging of their homes. In his final statements Smith's lawyer said that thermal imaging is infact a search and that the thermal imaging had no probably cause and he should go free for this violation of his 4th amendment. The next speaker was the lawyer representing the United States. The lawyer for the United States said that the thermal imaging device brought about a probable cause in the triplex and that he was previously suspected for having marijuana so they had to do it for public safety. He also pointed out that a warrant was issued for the search of his house. The United States lawyer ended his statement stating that Smith is a criminal and thermal imaging was used in the case of probable cause. The next speaker was the Solicitor General of the United States. The general was in favor of Smith. He stated that thermal imaging is a search. The thermal imager had no probable cause and that using this high tech device that no normal person can afford should be used without a warrant. The General finished with saying that Smith should go free for this because he was illegally searched. The fourth amendment of the constitution guards against unreasonable search and seizures when the search party has â€Å"reasonable expectation of privacy†. The amendment specifically requires search warrants be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause. It was adopted as a response to the abuse of search warrants in the American Revolution. The debate of the definition of search has been challenged in many cases in the history of the United States and is brought up again in this case. The Supreme Court ruled that a search occurs only when a person expects privacy in the thing search and society beliefves that expectation is reasonable. This was decided in Katz v. United States in 1967. In Katz the Court ruled that a search had occurred when the government wiretapped a telephone booth. Now seizure is the other part of the 4th amendment. A Seizure of propert occurs when there is meaningful interference by the government with an individual's possessory interests. The exclusionary rule also falls under seizure. The exclusionary rule states that voluntary answers to questions given to officers are offered into evidence in a ciminal prosecution. The government may not detain and individual even momentarily without reasonable, objective grounds, with few exceptions. The refusal to listen or answers does not answer these grounds. The invasion on people's privacy is only minimal and is usually only in speical cases. Some of these exceptions are at borders and ports of entry into the United States as well as Roadblocks. Another big part of this case was the question is a warrant needed. A warrant is issued by a judge and only then may a officer legally search someones property. Without this warrant it was unconstitutionally searched and therefore is void. Warrants are required for any search of property. Some exceptions to a warrant are Consent, Plain View, Open Fields, Curtilage, Motor Vehicles and Searches incident to a lawful arrest. Consent is if a part allows a search to happen. Plain view is if something is viewable by the officer he can confiscate it. Open Fields such as farm fields, opne water, and woods may be searched without a warrant. Curtilage is the outdoor area immediately surrounding the home, which is protected by the 4th amendment. Courts have determined that this area is an extension of the house and is subject to privacy. People in automobiles have reduced privacy because vehicles are not used as homes. Vehicles cannot be randomly stopped and searched , there must be probable cause or ciminal activity. With probable cause officers may search any area inside a car. However, they cannot search passenger without probable cause to search them. The Searches incident to a lawful arrest are used to prevent the arrested individual from destorying evidence or using a weapon against the officer. It is reasonalbe for the officer to search the area within the arrestee's immediate control. A search of lets say the room they were arrested in is acceptable. Now comes the issue of Probable Cause which was brought up many times in this case. The police must have legally sufficient reasons to believe that a search is necessary. And during this search they must uncover criminal activity or contraband. The Supreme Court had many cases involving Probable Cause. In Carrol V. United States the Supreme Court stated that probably cause to search is a â€Å"flexible, common-sense standard. † So the issue of probable cause can be a toss up and can't really be determined directly (Adapted from History Book and Wikipedia. com). If I were a justice on the Supreme Court I would rule in favor of Smith. The use of thermal imaging reveals the contents of the inside of his home. This violates his right of security and thus violates the 4th amendment. The officers did have probable cause to search his house because of his alleged marijuana growth. But that doesn't mean they could search his house without a warrant. They needed to get judicial consent before using the thermal imaging to search his house. Plus thermal imaging is not available to everyone so they could not use it without consent. Our class found Smith innocent. The police unlawfully searched his house with the use of thermal imaging. Even though we came to this verdict it could have easily gone the other way. It all is based on your view of the Constitution. Unless you are one of the people who wrote the Bill of Rights I guess we can never truly understand the constitution fully and it is proven with the countless cases brought to the Supreme Court over the years. I think instead of us trying to understand the constitution in our own ways, we should study the founding fathers into depth and learn the true meanings of their words and the reasons for why they created this great rules. Even with the addition of new technologies and advanced software we need to continue to look back at our roots which created this great nation. If we do not do this our nation will likely fall due to our own negligence and feeling of superiority over everyone in the world. We need to learn from our mistakes and build a more simpler life as they had back in the 1700s. Only then will we truly understand The Constitution and the reasons for why we have made it this far as a nation.

Buster

Buster Buster Buster By Maeve Maddox A reader has a question about the word buster: Is the word buster ebonics or not? Where does this word come from? And how is it formed? The reader does not specify which of the several uses of buster prompted the question, but in any case, the word was in the language well before any significant development of the English dialect known as ebonics. Note: For readers unfamiliar with the term ebonics, the word was coined in 1973 and defined in 1975 by its proponents as â€Å"the linguistic and paralinguistic features which on a concentric continuum represent the communicative competence of the West African, Caribbean, and United States slave descendants of African origin.† The term quickly proved to be unwieldy and politically charged. A more neutral name for the distinctive English dialect associated with US black culture is African American Vernacular English (AAVE). The first nineteen or so  Africans  to reach the English colonies arrived in Jamestown, Virginia in 1619, brought by Dutch traders who had seized them from a captured Spanish slave ship- just five years after the first documented use of buster in English. In the earliest citation in the OED (1614), buster is used to mean â€Å"a person who or thing which ‘busts’ a specified thing, or causes it to break or burst†: Now death, I pray thee what is it, but a buster of bonds; a destruction of toyle? (i.e., Death is seen as a â€Å"buster† of figurative chains, freeing people from bondage and toil.) This meaning of the word is evident in various terms. For example, a bronco-buster is a cowboy who prepares horses to be ridden by breaking their will to resist. Note: The Spanish adjective bronco means rough or rude. It was adopted into English as a noun to refer to an untamed or half-tamed horse. A gangbuster (1930) is an officer of a law-enforcement agency who is known for successfully, and often aggressively, fighting organized crime, breaking up gangs, and apprehending gangsters. Eliot Ness is a well-known gangbuster. By extension, gangbuster/s can mean something that is outstandingly successful; a winner, a hit. The word is used as both noun and adjective: Better than  last season, but not  gangbusters   I think this is going to be a  real gangbuster season. Another quarter, another three months where  gangbuster  growth remains AWOL.    My radio show is  going gangbuster.  I just picked up my third top-ten radio station in Chicago. The music business is  going gangbuster. Were celebrating all month  long  with a  gangbuster  sale. Another meaning of buster is â€Å"a person who or thing which is impressive or remarkable, especially in being more than typically large, loud, etc.† Presumably, the person or thing has â€Å"busted† a norm of some kind. The OED gives the example â€Å"What a buster of a lunch it turned out to be.† Buster is used as a form of address, sometimes with affection and sometimes with hostility. For example, a parent or babysitter might say to a child, â€Å"Time for bed, Buster.† On the other hand, someone being annoyed by a stranger might say, â€Å"Don’t come any closer, Buster, or I’ll call a cop.† The popularity of Buster as a nickname for little boys may owe something to the fame of the actor Buster Keaton (1895-1966). The son of vaudeville performers, Keaton was famous as a child actor long before his adult successes. According to legend, he acquired his nickname when he fell down a flight of stairs and Harry Houdini, who was present, quipped, â€Å"That was a real buster!† Keaton’s father immediately created â€Å"Buster Keaton† as his son’s stage name. The comic book character Buster Brown, created by cartoonist Richard F. Outcault in 1902,  was another cultural icon that popularized the name Buster. When a shoe manufacturer adopted the character as its logo in 1904, the name received a boost from national advertising. I suspect that plenty of Americans of a certain age can still sing the Buster Brown jingle. Buster is popular as a name for pets. Here are some reasons pet owners chose the name: We  named him Buster because  he had a busted nose.   My neighbor  named him Buster, cause he was a Buster to try and catch. You see my friends from the special ed place that my aunt works at  named him Buster because  he got into a lot of trouble and got caught.   I have  named him Buster because  he is somewhat bossy and pushy with my sisters steer.   I named him Buster because  he was tossed out of the car. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to use "on" and when to use "in"How to spell "in lieu of"The 7 Types of Possessive Case